Meanwhile, with the fighter jet speeding away on a new mission, the two other UAVs supporting the special forces squad shift their network configuration to directly link to the satellite networks now serving the base-station role formerly played by the fighter jet. The live video feed goes on uninterrupted.
The reconfigurations happen swiftly and without human intervention. Warfare has always been carried out at the boundary between chaos and order. Strategists have long tried to suppress the chaos and impose order by means of intelligence, communication, and command and control. The most powerful weapon is useless without knowing where to aim it. The most carefully constructed plan leads nowhere if it is based on bad intelligence.
And the best intelligence is worthless if it arrives too late. The next key enabler is fifth-generation 5G wireless communications. These are sizable and complicated projects, and several different strategies are already becoming apparent. At Lockheed Martin , we're enhancing standard 5G technologies to connect the many platforms and networks that are fielded by the various branches of the armed services.
We call this our 5G. MIL initiative. Earlier this year, in two projects, called Hydra and HiveStar , we demonstrated the feasibility of key aspects of this initiative. Hydra yielded encouraging results on the interoperability challenge, and HiveStar showed that it was possible to quickly construct, in an area with no existing infrastructure, a highly mobile and yet capable 5G network, as would be required on a battlefield. The new work takes an unusual approach. It is a collaboration with commercial industry in which technology is transferred from the civilian to the military sector, not the other way around.
Radar, rocketry, and nuclear energy got their starts in military labs, and it took years, even generations, for these technologies to trickle into consumer products.
But today, for fundamental technologies such as computing and communications, the sheer scale of private-sector development is increasingly beyond the resources of even the largest national defense agencies. To deploy networks that are sufficiently fast, adaptive, agile, and interoperable, warfighters now have little alternative but to exploit commercial developments. No wonder, then, that the U. To understand the significance of such a shift, consider how the United States got to this juncture.
In 18th-century conflicts, such as the Revolutionary War , the only battlefield sensors were human eyes and ears. Long-distance communication could take days and could be interrupted if the messengers it relied on were captured or killed. Tactical battlefield decisions were signaled by flags or runners to commence maneuvers or attacks. By World War II, combatants had radar, aircraft, and radios to sense enemy planes and bombers up to 80 miles ahead.
They could communicate from hundreds of miles away and prepare air defenses and direct fighter-interceptor squadrons within minutes. Photoreconnaissance could supply invaluable intelligence—but in hours or days, not seconds. Today, the field of battle is intensively monitored. There are countless sensors on land, sea, air, space, and even in cyberspace. Jet fighters, such as the F, can act as information-processing hubs in the sky to fuse all that data into a single integrated picture of the battlefield, then share that picture with war fighters and decision makers, who can thus execute command and control in near real time.
Three Lockheed Martin military aircraft, built in different eras, have different communications systems designed to make it hard for an adversary to detect a transmission. In a project called Hydra, engineers used electronic systems called open-system gateways to enable the three to communicate freely. From the top, the aircraft are the F, the U-2S, and the F Lockheed Martin.
At least, that's the goal. The reality often falls short. The networks that knit together all these sensors are a patchwork. Some of them run over civilian commercial infrastructure and others are military, and among the military ones, different requirements among the different branches and other factors have contributed to an assortment of high-performance but largely incompatible communication protocols.
Messages may not propagate across these networks quickly or at all. Here's why that's a problem. Say that an F detects an incoming ballistic missile. The aircraft can track the missile in real time. But today it may not be able to convey that tracking data all the way to antimissile batteries in time for them to shoot down the projectile. That's the kind of capability the 5G.
MIL initiative is aiming for. There are broader goals, too, because future battlefields will up the ante on complexity. Besides weapons, platforms, and gear, individual people will be outfitted with network-connected sensors monitoring their location, exposures to biochemical or radioactive hazards, and physical condition.
To connect all these elements will require global mesh networks of thousands of nodes, including satellites in space. The networks will have to accommodate hypersonic systems moving faster than five times the speed of sound, while also being capable of controlling or launching cyberattacks, electronic warfare and countermeasures, and directed-energy weapons.
Such technologies will fundamentally change the character and speed of war and will require an omnipresent communications backbone to manage capabilities across the entire battlefield. The sheer range of coordinated activities, the volume of assets, the complexity of their interactions, and their worldwide distribution would quickly overwhelm the computing and network capabilities we have today.
The time from observation to decision to action will be measured in milliseconds: When a maneuvering hypersonic platform moves more than 3. Our 5G. MIL vision has two complementary elements. One is exemplified by the opening scenario of this article: the quick, ad hoc establishment of secure, local networks based on 5G technology.
The goal here is to let forces take sensor data from any platform in the theater and make it accessible to any shooter, no matter how the platform and the shooter each connect to the network.
Aircraft, ships, satellites, tanks, or even individual soldiers could connect their sensors to the secure 5G network via specially modified 5G base stations. They could also share data via military tactical links and communications systems. In either case, these battlefield connections would take the form of secure mesh networks.
Pitch A Story. All section. Caste discrimination. Contributors Suggest Correction. Must Reads. Similar Posts. Contact Us Pitch A story. Your paternal grandfather was the personal physician to Jinnah.
He was a medical visionary, remembered for his lifelong care of the neediest as well as for his treatment of the Quaid, Sir Allama Iqbal and Sir Abdul Qadir. MH: My grandfather Lt. A direct ancestor had been the personal physician to the ruler of the Punjab, Maharaja Ranjit Singh. At age 43, he became the first Muslim to be appointed principal of King Edward Medical College in Lahore at a time when the entire British and Hindu faculty had just left Pakistan after Partition.
Dr Ilahi Bakhsh led the Herculean task of not only rebuilding the college, but also leading the development of medical education throughout Pakistan. AN: Surely you must have heard people comment on the remarkable resemblance between you and your grandfather, especially the eyes? MH: My maternal grandmother, Tasleem Khattak, started to go blind from complications of diabetes during my medical school and it made me decide to go into ophthalmology and to develop cures for blindness.
MH: The bionic eye can help millions worldwide who suffer from retinal blindness, damage to the light sensing cells; the photoreceptors rods and cones. The most common indication so far has been to help patients with inherited blindness caused by a disease called Retinitis Pigmentosa. It seems that a new country is added every month that approves the Argus II or the bionic eye. MH: Pakistanis with retinal blindness especially Retinitis Pigmentosa can benefit greatly.
The device would have to be either approved in Pakistan by the government or the patients would have to travel to one of the countries in which the device is already approved. This helped improve the access and affordability of cataract surgery. By simplifying procedures, Mark worked to make cataract surgery accessible to hundreds of millions of potential seniors around the world.
For Mark, asserts Hassan, his first duty is to help patients waiting to be cured. Retinal detachment If there ever were a celebrity amongst all medicines, this would probably be it. Which other drug can boast All about eyes! Our Milestones For Investors. For Doctors Careers. Generic filters Hidden label. Hidden label. Wednesday, 24 Feb Bionic Eyes Dr. Vandana Jain. Blindness gone with Bionic Eyes!! What is it like to see again after years of blindness?
What are bionic eyes? How does Bionic Eyes work? What does Bionic Eyes see? Procedure For patients, though, the whole thing is remarkably simple. Advancement in Bionic Eyes Robert Greenberg, the president and CEO of Second Sight, the company that developed Argus II says Second Sight is working on a new implant that bypasses even the retinal layer, and implants electrodes directly onto the visual region of the brain.
Who all can use Bionic Eyes?
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